Behavioural access control in distributed environments

Applications and services in distributed environments are an increasingly important topic. Hence approaches to security issues in such applications are also becoming essential. Crucial information is needed to be protected properly and mechanisms must be developed for this protection. Access control is one of the topics that underline security problems. It concerns assuring that data or resources are accessed by the correct entities. A commonly used access control approach is called access control lists, which is widely applied in most operating systems. However, this approach has some weaknesses with regard to scalability, and so it is not very suitable for distributed environments that usually have variable populations. Capabilities on the other hand offer scalability and adaptability advantages over access control lists. Capabilities are unforgeable tickets that can be propagated between entities, and fit well in distributed environments. But capabilities also have limits due to their simple structure. They grant infinite number of accesses for given types of actions, but are not able to capture sequences and branches of actions, which may be called aspects of behaviours. In this thesis, behaviour control approaches are introduced, through Vistas to Treaties. Vistas can provide explicit access control for each component of objects, and provide primitive control over action sequences. Treaties develop behaviour control further by containing behaviour descriptors which can specify those sequencing, branching and terminating aspects, and hence can provide much finer control over behaviours. Because treaties inherit the scalable attributes of capabilities, they also fit well in distributed environments. An interesting feature in treaty systems is that they allow users to refine the specifications of behaviours and generate new treaties from existing ones. A number of treaty combinator operations are proposed to realize this functionality, and they are shown to be safe with respect to the security of access control. A novel issue created by the treaty approach is identified in the thesis. The new problem is called the duplication problem, which could cause users being able to gain more permissions than they should have by making copies of unprotected treaties. Any treaty systems must provide solutions to this problem. Three models which solve the duplication problem are proposed, with an analysis of their differences, and advantages and disadvantages. Treaties are a general concept and in real cases they can be represented in various ways. There are components in treaties that have given a variety of implementation options, and the developers of services and applications can choose to combine these options to fit their special requirements. This makes treaties more flexible and adaptable. The implementations of concreted treaties and treaty systems are introduced, and these implemented treaties are used to test their behaviour control abilities. Evaluations for different treaty representations are provided to compare their performance. Scalability of treaty systems is also evaluated, showing that treaties are good to be deployed in distributed environments

3D Room Layout Estimation from a Cubemap of Panorama Image via Deep Manhattan Hough Transform

Significant geometric structures can be compactly described by global wireframes in the estimation of 3D room layout from a single panoramic image. Based on this observation, we present an alternative approach to estimate the walls in 3D space by modeling long-range geometric patterns in a learnable Hough Transform block. We transform the image feature from a cubemap tile to the Hough space of a Manhattan world and directly map the feature to the geometric output. The convolutional layers not only learn the local gradient-like line features, but also utilize the global information to successfully predict occluded walls with a simple network structure. Unlike most previous work, the predictions are performed individually on each cubemap tile, and then assembled to get the layout estimation. Experimental results show that we achieve comparable results with recent state-of-the-art in prediction accuracy and performance. Code is available at https://github.com/Starrah/DMH-Net.Comment: Accepted by ECCV 202

Identification of an Efficient Gene Expression Panel for Glioblastoma Classification.

We present here a novel genetic algorithm-based random forest (GARF) modeling technique that enables a reduction in the complexity of large gene disease signatures to highly accurate, greatly simplified gene panels. When applied to 803 glioblastoma multiforme samples, this method allowed the 840-gene Verhaak et al. gene panel (the standard in the field) to be reduced to a 48-gene classifier, while retaining 90.91% classification accuracy, and outperforming the best available alternative methods. Additionally, using this approach we produced a 32-gene panel which allows for better consistency between RNA-seq and microarray-based classifications, improving cross-platform classification retention from 69.67% to 86.07%. A webpage producing these classifications is available at http://simplegbm.semel.ucla.edu

5 Fluorouracil as firs t line treatment for low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and prognostic factors in response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in lowrisk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).Methods: This single-center retrospective study analyzed the hospital records of 204 LRGTN patients admitted to Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute of China from 2002 to 2016 for retrieval of their clinical data, chemotherapy regimens, related side-effects, and evaluation of treatment efficacy and prognostic factors.Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 55 months (3 - 190 months). The overall cure rate was 100 %, with no tumor-related deaths. When a single-agent regimen i.e. 5-FU, was selected for initiation of treatment for 132 patients while only 49 of them were treated with chemotherapy, the effective cure rate was 62.88 % (83/132); while the overall drug resistance r was 27.27 % (36/132). For patients with FIGO scores ≥ 4 points, the incidence of drug resistance was 71.43 % (5/7), while the incidence of III/IV myelosuppression was 10.61 % (14/132). A total of 38 patients (18.63 %) received surgical treatment in addition to chemotherapy. A comparison was made between two groups of patients with non-drug resistance, i.e., patients with unexpected GTN diagnosed postoperatively and those who received chemotherapy preoperatively. It was found that the number of courses of GTN chemotherapy for those who were unexpectedly diagnosed postoperatively was more than that for those who received chemotherapy preoperatively (p = 0.004).Conclusion: The single drug (5-FU) was effective in the management of low-risk (LR)-GTN. Treatment failure was related to drug resistance, high tumor score, and severe toxicity. Multi-agent regiments in combination with surgery, were an effective treatment method for GTN. For patients without metastasis and fertility requirements, surgery after chemotherapy significantly shortened the treatment cycle without increasing complications